About: Jazz scale

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A jazz scale is any musical scale used in jazz. Many "jazz scales" are common scales drawn from Western European classical music, including the diatonic, whole-tone, octatonic (or diminished), and the modes of the ascending melodic minor. All of these scales were commonly used by late nineteenth and early twentieth-century composers such as Rimsky-Korsakov, Debussy, Ravel and Stravinsky, often in ways that directly anticipate jazz practice. Some jazz scales, such as the bebop scales, add additional chromatic passing tones to the familiar diatonic scales.

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  • A jazz scale is any musical scale used in jazz. Many "jazz scales" are common scales drawn from Western European classical music, including the diatonic, whole-tone, octatonic (or diminished), and the modes of the ascending melodic minor. All of these scales were commonly used by late nineteenth and early twentieth-century composers such as Rimsky-Korsakov, Debussy, Ravel and Stravinsky, often in ways that directly anticipate jazz practice. Some jazz scales, such as the bebop scales, add additional chromatic passing tones to the familiar diatonic scales. (en)
  • 爵士音阶指的是在爵士乐中使用的任何音阶。很多爵士音阶都是直接从西方欧洲古典音乐中借鉴过来的,包括自然音阶(diatonic scale),(whole-tone,八度内用全音分隔的六个音),八度音阶(octatonic或diminished,八度内使用“全-半”或者“半-全”分隔的八个音),以及上行的古典旋律小调(爵士乐理论中古典旋律小调的下行旋律并不还原回自然小调,这种旋律小调叫爵士小调)的各种modes(例如dorian, lydian等)。这些音阶在19世纪后期和20世纪早期的作曲家(例如里姆斯基-科萨科夫、德彪西、拉威尔和史特拉文斯基)中得到广泛的使用,他们的作曲活动直接参与到了后来爵士乐的实践。还有一些爵士音阶,例如bebop音阶,则是在普通自然音阶中增加了一些色彩性的过渡音。 爵士乐有一个重要特点,在爵士理论中被称为“和弦-音阶兼容的原则”:一系列的和弦会产生一系列相兼容的音阶。在古典的大调和声中,出现的和弦一般都属于同一个音阶(例如在C大调中走I-II-V-I这个和声进行,和弦使用的都是C自然大调中的音)。而在爵士乐中,一个四个和弦的和声进行可能会用到四个不同的音阶,这通常都是和弦自身修改的结果。例如,演奏C大调时,爵士乐手可能把五级和弦的G-B-D-F(属七和弦)的五音降半个音,成为G-B-D♭-F(7♭5和弦)。其他的即兴乐手遇到这个修改后的和弦,就会选择一个相兼容的音阶(包含G-B-D♭-F这四个音)来演奏旋律,例如G调的全音阶(G-A-B-C♯-D♯-F),例如G调八度音阶(G-A♭-B♭-B-C♯-D-E-F),例如D调或A♭调的爵士小调的一个mode(分别是G-A-B-C♯-D-E-F或G-A♭-B♭-C♭-D♭-E♭-F)。这些音阶都可以称之为与修改后的这个属七和弦“兼容”。“和弦-音阶兼容原则”是爵士乐和声理论和传统和声理论的根本性差别。 “避免音”,指的是在爵士乐理论和实践中认为的,在当前兼容的和弦和音阶中,音阶中的某个与当前和弦极度不和谐的音符,这个音符要么尽量避免演奏,要么修改成和谐的。例如在大调和声中的4音和11音就属于这种情况,他们要么只能当过渡音演奏,要么升半个音使用。对于一个普通音符,避免音通常是小二度音,或者是小九度音;对于和弦的根音,避免音一般是四度音。 “想知道古典和声和现代和声的差别,看看他们分别怎么认定不和谐音就是个不错的途径。古典的观点是当前和弦之外的音都算是不和谐的,都需要被解决……现代和声则告诉你只有音阶中的哪些音是不和谐的,需要被避免,别的音都ok。” (zh)
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  • The altered dominant scale built on C (en)
  • The ascending melodic minor scaleMbr />built on A (en)
  • The harmonic minor scale built on A (en)
  • The three octatonic scales (en)
  • The white-note major and minor pentatonic scales (en)
  • The whole tone scale built on C (en)
  • Two types of blues scales (en)
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  • { \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f \relative c' { \clef treble \time 7/4 a4 b c d e fis gis a } } (en)
  • { \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f \relative c' { \clef treble \key c \major \time 5/4 c4^\markup { "C major pentatonic scale" } d e g a c2 } } { \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f \relative c' { \clef treble \key c \major \time 5/4 a4^\markup { "A minor pentatonic scale" } c d e g a2 } } (en)
  • { \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f \relative c' { \clef treble \time 7/4 a4 b c d e f gis a } } (en)
  • { \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f \relative c' { \clef treble \time 7/4 c4 des es fes ges aes bes c } } (en)
  • { \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f \relative c' { \clef treble \time 6/4 c4^\markup { "Six-note blues scale, built on C" } es f fis g bes c2 } } { \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f \relative c' { \clef treble \time 9/4 c4^\markup { "Nine-note blues scale, built on C" } d es f g a bes c2 } } (en)
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  • A jazz scale is any musical scale used in jazz. Many "jazz scales" are common scales drawn from Western European classical music, including the diatonic, whole-tone, octatonic (or diminished), and the modes of the ascending melodic minor. All of these scales were commonly used by late nineteenth and early twentieth-century composers such as Rimsky-Korsakov, Debussy, Ravel and Stravinsky, often in ways that directly anticipate jazz practice. Some jazz scales, such as the bebop scales, add additional chromatic passing tones to the familiar diatonic scales. (en)
  • 爵士音阶指的是在爵士乐中使用的任何音阶。很多爵士音阶都是直接从西方欧洲古典音乐中借鉴过来的,包括自然音阶(diatonic scale),(whole-tone,八度内用全音分隔的六个音),八度音阶(octatonic或diminished,八度内使用“全-半”或者“半-全”分隔的八个音),以及上行的古典旋律小调(爵士乐理论中古典旋律小调的下行旋律并不还原回自然小调,这种旋律小调叫爵士小调)的各种modes(例如dorian, lydian等)。这些音阶在19世纪后期和20世纪早期的作曲家(例如里姆斯基-科萨科夫、德彪西、拉威尔和史特拉文斯基)中得到广泛的使用,他们的作曲活动直接参与到了后来爵士乐的实践。还有一些爵士音阶,例如bebop音阶,则是在普通自然音阶中增加了一些色彩性的过渡音。 “避免音”,指的是在爵士乐理论和实践中认为的,在当前兼容的和弦和音阶中,音阶中的某个与当前和弦极度不和谐的音符,这个音符要么尽量避免演奏,要么修改成和谐的。例如在大调和声中的4音和11音就属于这种情况,他们要么只能当过渡音演奏,要么升半个音使用。对于一个普通音符,避免音通常是小二度音,或者是小九度音;对于和弦的根音,避免音一般是四度音。 (zh)
rdfs:label
  • Jazz scale (en)
  • 爵士音阶 (zh)
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