What are some of the key challenges and opportunities for smart city ecosystems in developing countries?

1. In Country like India the federal structure poses a great challenge specially w.r.t funding. 2. Smart city initiatives spread across multiple govt dept which have their own priorities and brining all of them under one roof is the biggest challenge. 3. No clear cut monetization model 4. Lack of basic infra 5. Delays in approvals NoCs for activities like digging for power and last mile connectivity 6. Lack of awareness

South Korea's transformation from a poor country to one of the top developed nations serves as an inspiring example of overcoming challenges through effective leadership and investment in education. South Korea's commitment to education served as a catalyst for infrastructure development. A well-educated population with a focus on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) provided the necessary expertise to drive innovative infrastructure projects. Skilled professionals were equipped to design, implement, and maintain infrastructure systems effectively, ensuring their long-term sustainability and efficiency.

Without a doubt, preparing the support base for a smart cities project is essential. In countries like mine, Brazil, with 5,571 municipalities, infrastructure preparation is one of the fundamental challenges. There are rural areas in large cities that need access, there are more remote areas such as the backlands of the northeast region, there are areas that are in forested regions. Without this base, access to digital services in various areas such as education, social, among others becomes difficult. I am sure that this scenario is similar in most developing countries.

Le déficit d'infrastructure dans les pays en développement entrave le développement des Smart Cities, nécessitant des investissements significatifs dans des services de base comme l'électricité et la connectivité. Un exemple frappant est l'initiative de Kigali, au Rwanda, qui a investi dans des infrastructures de connectivité haut débit et dans l'éclairage public solaire, facilitant le déploiement de technologies de Smart City et améliorant la qualité de vie urbaine. Ces efforts montrent comment l'investissement dans des infrastructures fiables et durables peut surmonter les défis et catalyser la transformation vers des Smart Cities.

Transformative entrepreneurship involves establishing and expanding businesses that not make profits but also bring about a positive change, in society and the economy. It requires innovation, imagination and a profound awareness of the environmental issues confronting communities. Transformative entrepreneurs strive to tackle these issues by creating solutions that enhance the well being of individuals and promote progress.

Smart City projects bring new challenges to provide infrastructure. The connectivity and electricity for the equipments (p.ex.: cameras and sensors) have different characteristics and some places could have a difficult to attend this demand. In Brazil we have a situation that involve public pole, because they are used (paid way) by the telecom operator's to offer connectivity services. It is common to have a large number of telecom companies have a difficult to use the public pole, that is proprietary from electricity company, because there isn't more space to deploy new fiber optic cables and, therefore, don´t deploy new networks.

Eu poderia elencar 4: - Infraestrutura e Financiamento: - Disparidades Socioeconômicas: - Habilidades e Capacitação: - Governança e Políticas Públicas:

It is indeed accurate that the absence of sufficient and dependable infrastructure and essential services can hinder the implementation of technologies for data collection. However, it is crucial to recognize that Smart Cities extend beyond mere technology and data gathering, they are, in essence, a means to an end. For less fortunate countries, having basic infrastructure holds greater significance than merely deploying sensors. While acknowledging the challenges and disparities, we must bear in mind that foundational elements like water, electricity, and drainage are the cornerstones of Smart Cities - or, to put it in more aptly, the building blocks for a better future in urban development.

Challenges include limited finances, inadequate infrastructure, and the digital divide. Affordability hinders robust tech infrastructure development. Bridging the digital gap for inclusivity is crucial. Addressing data privacy and security concerns is imperative for public trust. Opportunities lie in leapfrogging outdated tech, directly adopting cost-effective solutions. Implementing IoT enhances resource efficiency, while integrating renewable energy tackles power supply challenges. Strategic investment in affordable connectivity solutions can overcome inclusivity barriers. Developing countries can leverage advanced tech for efficient urban solutions, emphasizing innovation and sustainable development.

The infrastructure gap is a significant hurdle for smart city ecosystems in developing countries. Without reliable electricity, water, transport, and communication networks, it's challenging to integrate the technologies that can make cities smarter and more efficient. But here's the opportunity: by investing in basic infrastructure and embracing renewable solutions like solar power and microgrids, we can lay the foundation for resilient, inclusive cities. Building this foundation isn’t just about technology; it's about empowering communities to believe in a brighter future where innovation works for everyone.

Effective governance and policy play a pivotal role in determining the success or failure of smart sustainable cities. Notably, Singapore and China have demonstrated commendable initiatives by launching national smart city strategies. These strategies have enabled them to adapt policies swiftly in response to the evolving infrastructure and technological advancements we witness on a daily basis. These proactive approaches facilitate the alignment of policies with the changing needs and requirements of smart cities, fostering an environment conducive to sustainable development.

The statement accurately identifies a critical issue in the Smart City Challenge- The lack of clear and coherent governance and policy frameworks . But I believe this concern is not confined to developing countries but extended to developed nations as well. for instance, Mumbai and Nairobi face challenges in managing rapid urbanization due to governance gaps, while cities like San Francisco and London grapple with inconsistencies in regulating emerging technologies. Specific examples bolster the argument, emphasizing the need for robust frameworks to guide the integration of data and technology in urban development globally.

The creation of a national digital government strategy is essential to get a practical guidelines for the entire nation. This work is essential that it is developed by the national government and with the possibility of contribution from local governments, the private companies and civil society. With an established national vision and some objectives and goals outlined, it facilitates the process for local governments to develop their plans based on their main demands and needs of the government and mainly the population. In Brazil we have a law that establishes the obligation to create this collaborative digital government strategy, which is in the process of being completed in the country.

successful examples from Singapore, Barcelona, Amsterdam, and Songdo demonstrate the transformative power of effective governance and policy in building smart sustainable cities. By establishing clear frameworks, fostering collaboration, and prioritizing citizen engagement, developing countries can overcome the challenges they face. It is crucial for these nations to learn from these experiences and establish governance and policy mechanisms that enable the collaboration, protection, and empowerment of all stakeholders while ensuring the sustainable and inclusive development of their smart city ecosystems.

To have success in a Smart City project, you must have the municipality participation that can help to develop governance and policy (like laws to use the soil or the public space). Curitiba, a city in Brazil, won the World Smart City Awards 2023 title because of its public politics, action, and urban planning. This kind of situation shows us that is necessary to have regulations associated with the project

La complexité de la gouvernance et l'absence de politiques adaptées constituent un défi majeur pour les Smart Cities. À titre d'exemple, Singapour a mis en œuvre un cadre de gouvernance intégré pour sa Smart Nation initiative, harmonisant les politiques de différents secteurs et assurant la sécurité, la transparence et la responsabilité dans l'utilisation des données. Ce modèle de gouvernance a facilité une collaboration efficace entre agences gouvernementales, entreprises et citoyens, contribuant à des solutions innovantes en matière de mobilité, de santé et d'éducation. L'expérience de Singapour souligne l'importance d'une gouvernance solide et de politiques claires pour réussir la transformation vers une Smart City.

Governance and policy challenges often hold back smart city ecosystems in developing countries. Fragmented institutions and conflicting regulations can lead to a lack of coordination and accountability, making it hard for innovation to thrive. But there's immense potential here: by creating clear policies and governance frameworks, we can foster collaboration between diverse stakeholders and ensure transparency. This isn’t just about managing technology; it’s about empowering communities and ensuring that citizens' rights and voices are at the heart of urban transformation.

In my experience, governance and policy are critical challenges for smart city development in developing countries. The lack of clear regulations, fragmented decision-making, and limited capacity to enforce policies can slow down the implementation of smart city projects. Without cohesive governance frameworks, aligning public and private sector efforts becomes difficult, hindering progress. However, developing countries have the opportunity to create forward-thinking, adaptive governance structures that prioritize innovation and inclusivity. By establishing clear policies, fostering public-private partnerships, and engaging communities in decision-making, governments can drive effective smart city initiatives that benefit all citizens.

Getting the right sign off from the governance authorities should be the key challenge. As long as no major changes or major overhauls that would disrupt existing systems a lot are asked for, rates of acceptance might get easier.

Vejo muitas oportunidades de criação de linhas de financiamento, novos modelos de negócios e geração de riqueza a partir dos dados que serão gerados. Um case bem interessante é o do Japão, que está com um projeto denominado Plateau, que vai estruturar o Digital Twin do Japão, onde diversas cidades forneceram informações de infraestrutura, mobilidade urbana, edificações, gestão de riscos etc. Nessa plataforma aberta, os dados estimularão um ecossistema de players de tecnologia, dados, universidades, entre outros para criação de novos negócios, o que impulsionará o desenvolvimento das cidades.

Attracting and retaining private and external investors can be a challenge, as they may perceive developing countries as risky or uncertain investment destinations. To overcome these obstacles, it is crucial for developing countries to explore and adopt innovative and inclusive funding and business models. One effective approach is through public-private partnerships (PPPs). By forging collaborations between the public and private sectors, countries can leverage the expertise, resources, and financial capabilities of both parties. PPPs enable the sharing of risks, costs, and responsibilities, while promoting the development and implementation of sustainable smart city projects.

Funding Smart City solutions poses challenges due to the high initial costs and complex nature of integrating advance technologies. Balancing the need for basic infrastructure and housing with smart city initiatives requires strategic planning and innovative financing. some solutions/ ideas PPPs can be leveraged, where private entities invest in return for revenue-sharing or other incentives. Grant programs from government agencies and international organizations offer financial support.

One of the biggest challenges of a Smart City is how to fund the projects and/or create a business model. In Brazil, most projects are financed by the government, and using this model is necessary to have public politics implement If a project is funded only by a government, it is necessary to have a provision before years to use. For this reason, a smart city project need to be planned many years before. Here in Brazil is possible to apply the PPP model, when private partnerships provide part or total resources to implement the project. Another difficulty is how to monetize this project to bring private partnerships.

I agree that the lack of resources and financing is one of the biggest challenges facing developing countries, but I would like to warn you that it is not the main one. Knowing the reality of the countries, we have to focus on mapping local needs, the challenges to be faced and developing smart city planning consistent with all of this. It is essential that there is the involvement of a diversity stakeholders: public, private and civil society so that the actions are feasible and motivating. With this planning in hand, the process of attracting resources and strategic partners certainly becomes much easier, as it can become more attractive and relevant, with a clear vision and bringing security about the next steps to all participants.

Le financement des Smart Cities dans les pays en développement nécessite des modèles innovants pour surmonter les contraintes budgétaires. Un exemple notable est le partenariat public-privé (PPP) à Nairobi, au Kenya, pour le projet de ville intelligente de Konza Technopolis. Ce projet vise à stimuler l'innovation et le développement économique en tirant parti des investissements à la fois publics et privés, créant un écosystème technologique soutenu par des infrastructures de pointe. Cette approche démontre comment les modèles d'affaires inclusifs et collaboratifs peuvent mobiliser des ressources essentielles pour le développement durable des villes intelligentes dans un contexte de ressources financières limitées.

In my experience, funding and business models are significant challenges for smart city ecosystems in developing countries. Limited public budgets and dependence on traditional funding sources can make it difficult to invest in large-scale smart city projects. This financial constraint often slows down innovation and the adoption of new technologies. However, developing countries can explore alternative business models such as public-private partnerships, foreign investments, and impact financing. By leveraging these models and embracing innovative funding strategies, such as outcome-based financing or shared services, governments can attract investment and scale smart city solutions more efficiently.

Funding and sustainable business models are key challenges for smart cities in developing nations. Limited public budgets and the difficulty of attracting investors often make financing such initiatives tough. Yet, the opportunity lies in innovation: embracing public-private partnerships, social impact bonds, and even crowdfunding could unlock new possibilities. By thinking creatively about financing, we can not only bring smart technologies to life but also ensure that these solutions are inclusive, resilient, and truly benefit the communities they serve.

A public private partnership model is what I would suggest. As long as private players are supported by Government infrastructure companies, there are better chances of improvements happening. The Government bodies would have policies and structures in place that is easier to navigate the execution processes.

South Korea's focus on education and strategic infrastructure development worked hand in hand, enabling the country to overcome challenges and achieve remarkable progress. By investing in education, South Korea nurtured a skilled workforce capable of driving infrastructure projects. Simultaneously, strategic investments in critical infrastructure sectors fueled socio-economic growth, enhanced connectivity, and positioned the nation as a global leader. The synergy between education and infrastructure development was pivotal in South Korea's journey to overcoming the challenges of the infrastructure gap and transforming into a developed nation.

Smart city programs and projects do not need to be developed from scratch. Carrying out benchmarks with cities around the world is extremely important. Learning from the experience of having already walked the same path can shorten the process and save time (something we don't have a lot of). I have interacted with managers from all over the world and I see that people are increasingly open to these contributions. Brazil itself as a nation, when it created the Gov.br platform, was with managers from Finland, South Korea and other nations learning from best practices, interpreting based on local challenges and creating their own solutions. Certainly the time savings, resource savings and productivity gains were enormous.

When we think about skills and capacity it is normal to associate with only a technical person, but we need to remember that a municipality needs. 1) Technical Creating technology programs that are associated with the knowledge necessary is a good idea to address this challenge. Providing free courses to learn programming languages like Python is a great way to make education accessible to everyone. 2) User It's true that providing the right conditions for municipalities to enjoy smart cities is crucial. Digital education can certainly play a key role in this process. Additionally, creating user-friendly apps or incorporating gamification elements could be effective ways to incentivize people to participate in smart city initiatives.

Pour pallier le manque de compétences nécessaires au développement des Smart Cities, le Rwanda a lancé l’initiative "Kigali Innovation City", qui vise à transformer Kigali en un hub technologique. Ce projet comprend la création de centres d’excellence et de formations en partenariat avec des universités et des entreprises technologiques, pour développer les compétences locales en science des données, en ingénierie et en urbanisme. Cette stratégie montre comment l’investissement dans l’éducation et la formation peut renforcer les capacités locales et favoriser un écosystème d’innovation durable pour les Smart Cities, en mettant l’accent sur la littératie numérique et l’employabilité dans les secteurs clés.

In my experience, skills and capacity are key challenges for smart city development in developing countries. A shortage of skilled professionals in areas like data analytics, urban planning, and IoT technology can limit the ability to implement and maintain smart city solutions. Without sufficient training and expertise, cities may struggle to fully leverage advanced technologies. However, this challenge also presents an opportunity for growth. By investing in education, training programs, and partnerships with global tech firms, developing countries can build a local talent pool. Empowering local professionals ensures that smart city projects are sustainable and create long-term benefits for the economy and society.

Skill gaps pose a significant challenge for smart city development in emerging economies. The shortage of qualified professionals in fields like data science, engineering, and urban planning often limits progress, while digital literacy gaps hinder community engagement. But there’s a real chance to transform this through education and capacity-building. By investing in training programs, mentorship, and fostering a culture of continuous learning, we can empower people to not only understand but actively contribute to their smart cities. This transformation starts with people—it’s about nurturing talent and fostering innovation at every level of society.

Developing countries face challenges such as poverty, inequality, lack of healthcare, education, sanitation, and environmental degradation, which deplete their resources. Smart city innovations provide affordable, smart approaches to elevating access to vital services, supporting inclusivity, monitoring environmental risks, and fostering natural resource preservation.

Smart cities can definitely help in bridging the digital divide and improving access to technology for all. It can create new opportunities for the community and enable them to experience the benefits of a connected world. Additionally, the implementation of various smart city ecosystems can further enhance the quality of life for the residents and improve the overall efficiency of the city. It's amazing to see how technology is transforming the way we live and work, and smart cities are a great example of that.

Les Smart Cities dans les pays en développement offrent des solutions innovantes aux défis sociaux et environnementaux. Par exemple, à Medellín, en Colombie, les escaliers électriques extérieurs dans les quartiers pauvres ont réduit l'isolement des communautés en montagne, améliorant l'accès aux opportunités économiques et éducatives tout en diminuant les émissions de carbone grâce à une mobilité plus efficace. Ce projet illustre comment l'application de technologies intelligentes peut simultanément améliorer la qualité de vie et l'inclusion sociale tout en contribuant à la durabilité environnementale.

In my experience, the social and environmental impact of smart city projects in developing countries is both a challenge and an opportunity. Rapid urbanization often leads to concerns about displacement, inequality, and environmental degradation, making it essential to ensure that smart city initiatives are inclusive and sustainable. However, smart cities have the potential to address these challenges by improving access to essential services, reducing pollution, and promoting sustainable practices. Through careful planning and community engagement, smart city projects can enhance quality of life while minimizing their environmental footprint, ensuring equitable benefits for all citizens.

Smart cities in developing countries have an incredible opportunity to tackle pressing social and environmental issues. With challenges like poverty, inequality, and climate change, smart solutions can offer innovative and cost-effective ways to deliver essential services, promote social inclusion, and protect natural resources. By leveraging technology for better healthcare, education, and environmental monitoring, we can create cities that uplift their citizens and sustain their ecosystems. The potential to improve lives while preserving the environment makes smart cities a truly transformative journey for developing nations.

El uso de las Smart Cities contribuye a una mejora en el acceso de los datos, entre ellos, datos medioambientales. Esto permite la promoción de prácticas sostenibles y una mejora de la gestión urbana.

Innovation and collaboration present significant opportunities for smart city ecosystems in developing countries. By fostering an environment that encourages creativity and cooperation, these countries can harness the potential of various actors and sectors for urban development. Global examples and best practices highlight successful approaches: 1- Helsinki, Finland - Open Innovation Ecosystem. 2- Medellín, Colombia - Social Innovation for Inclusive Cities 3-Amsterdam, Netherlands - Living Lab Approach Encouraging innovation and collaboration across diverse actors can generate new solutions, value, and knowledge for urban development.

Um exemplo bacana de sucesso que tenho acompanhado é o caso de Curitiba, no Brasil. A cidade tem investido muito em inovação e colaboração para se tornar mais inteligente. Criaram o Vale do Pinhão, um ecossistema que reúne startups, universidades, empresas e o governo para trabalharem juntos em soluções urbanas. Com essa iniciativa, desenvolveram projetos em mobilidade, sustentabilidade e tecnologia que beneficiam os cidadãos. Essa integração entre diferentes setores mostra como é possível enfrentar desafios urbanos de forma inovadora. Acredito que iniciativas assim podem servir de modelo para outras cidades que buscam se desenvolver de maneira inteligente e colaborativa.

Smart city ecosystems in developing nations hold immense promise for fostering innovation and collaboration. With vibrant communities of entrepreneurs, civil society, academia, and international organizations, these countries are well-positioned to co-create smart solutions that address urban challenges. Their relative freedom from legacy systems allows for greater agility in adopting new technologies. By encouraging partnerships and providing platforms for collaboration, developing countries can transform their cities into hubs of creativity and resilience, generating value that directly benefits urban communities and drives progress on their terms.

Challenge - Infrastructure-- In a small town in India, the lack of robust digital infrastructure hindered smart city development. However, a local initiative to upgrade broadband capabilities opened up new possibilities for smart solutions. Opportunity - Mobile Technology-- In Kenya, the widespread use of mobile technology, even in rural areas, presents a unique opportunity for mobile-based smart city applications, enhancing citizen engagement and service delivery. Challenge - Funding --A city in Brazil faced funding constraints for smart projects. Collaborations with private sectors and international grants provided the necessary financial support, turning a challenge into an opportunity